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Oracles against the Nations in the Prophets Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel Joel Amos Obadiah Jonah Nahum Zephaniah Zechariah* Ammon 49:1–6 25:1–7 1:13–15 Arabia 21:13–17 Assyria (Nineveh) 10:5–19; 14:24–27 (Nineveh) (Nineveh) Babylon 13:1–14:23; 21:1–10; 46:
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Uzziah’s death; Isaiah’s call ch. 6 740 b.c. Days of Ahaz ch. 7 c. 735 Assyrian invasion chs. 36–38 701 Sennacherib’s death 37:38 681 Babylonians will destroy Jerusalem 39:6–8 586 Israel will return from Babylonian exile chs. 40–48 538
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Isaiah prophesied “in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah” (1:1). Kings of Judah Years of Reign Uzziah (Azariah) 767–740 b.c. Jotham 750–735 Ahaz 735–715 Hezekiah 715–686
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Timeline King of Judah // Event Prophet to Judah Prophet to Israel King of Israel // Event 780 b.c. Jeroboam II (781–753) 770 760 Uzziah (c. 760) (c. 760) (Azariah) Amos Jonah (767–740) (c. 755) Hosea Zechariah (753–752) Shallum (752) 750 Jotham Menahem (752–742) (750–735) Micah
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Ps. 22:18 They divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots. And when they had crucified him, they divided his garments among them by casting lots. Matt. 27:35 Ps. 22:7 All who see me mock me; they make mouths at me; they wag
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Book 1 Psalms 1–41 Psalms 1–2 have no titles that attribute authorship (but see Acts 4:25 for Psalm 2); they provide an introduction to the Psalms as a whole. The remainder of Book 1 is made up almost entirely of psalms of David: only Psalms 10 (but
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Term Explanation Example Image A word or phrase that names a concrete action or thing; by extension, a character, setting, or event in a story is an image—a concrete embodiment of human experience or an idea. the way (or path); the congregation (or assembly); nature (or harvest) (Psalm 1)
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Psalm Incident References 3 David flees from and battles Absalom 2 Samuel 15–17 7 The words of Cush, a Benjaminite (persecution by Saul?) Unknown 18 David delivered from enemies and from Saul 2 Samuel 22 30 Dedication of the temple Nothing in David’s lifetime; cf. 1 Kings 8:
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Category Hebrew Term Meaning general shir song tehillah prayer, song of praise zamir/zimrah song qinah lament, dirge, with a grieving content wisdom sayings mashal proverb khidah riddle prophetic poetry massa’ oracular utterance, “burden”
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The events of Esther unfold over a period of 10 years. Reference Event Month Day Year of Ahasuerus’s Reign Year 1:3 Ahasuerus holds his banquets 3 483b.c. 2:16 Esther goes to Ahasuerus 10 7 479 3:7 Haman casts his lots 1 12 474 3:12
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Event Month/Day Year Reference Hanani brings Nehemiah a report from Jerusalem (20th year of Artaxerxes I) 445–444 b.c. 1:1 Nehemiah before King Artaxerxes 1 445 2:1 Nehemiah arrives to inspect Jerusalem walls 445 2:11 Wall is finished 6/25 445 6:15 People of
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Ezra 7:6 The king granted Ezra all that he asked for the hand of the Lord his God was on him Ezra 7:9 Ezra began to go up from Babylon and came to Jerusalem for the good hand of his God was on him Ezra 7:28 Ezra